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Coral Bleaching: A White Hot Problem

December 18, 2009 in Education Materials

Bleached brain coral (Credit: NOAA)

Bleached brain coral (Credit: NOAA)


Some of the planet’s most beautiful and diverse ecosystems are at risk. With temperatures on the rise, coral reefs are at greater risk for coral bleaching. Using ocean observing system data from NOAA’s National Data Buoy Center, this classroom activity examines ocean temperatures off Puerto Rico to see how coral reefs are being impacted and predict what’s on the horizon. Brought to you by Sea Grant’s Bridge website and COSEE-NOW.

This activity was developed in response to the 2005 massive coral bleaching event in the Caribbean caused by high sea surface temperatures. Using ocean observing system data, water temperatures can be monitored to evaluate the likeliness of other bleaching events.

Via the COSEE-NOW online community, we were able to receive valuable feedback on making the graph of water temperature more user-friendly and expanding the discussion questions to evoke some higher level thinking from students.

This activity has been demonstrated to teachers at the National Marine Educators Association conference and Virginia Sea Grant professional development institutes; and to graduate students in several different settings.

Check out Coral Bleaching: A White Hot Problem available on the Bridge

Don’t Even Sink About It!

December 11, 2009 in Education Materials

It sinks!

It sinks!


Does a can of soda float? Does salt water really make that much difference? What’s a Plimsoll mark? Buoyancy can be a difficult concept for students. It’s all about density! With this hands-on introduction to teaching buoyancy from the Bridge website and COSEE-NOW, students work through activities and demonstrations that use online resources and ocean observing systems data to investigate the buoyancy considerations of commercial shipping.

This activity was developed to shed light on how the commercial shipping industry has benefited from ocean observing systems. By knowing water temperature and salinity, as well as water depth, shippers can maximize a ship’s cargo capacity and transit time.

My COSEE-NOW partners provided me with some great input on writing the objectives for this activity and guided me to some demonstration activities developed by the Lawrence Hall of Science that could be used prior to the activity to pique the students’ interest.

This activity has been demonstrated to over 100 teachers, including presentations at the National Marine Educators Association and National Science Teachers Association conferences.

Check out Don’t Even Sink About it! available on the Bridge

Catching the $250,000 "Fish"

April 27, 2009 in Ocean Observatory Stories

Dr. Mark Patterson providing teachers with a brief overview of AUV technology and the Fetch AUV

Dr. Mark Patterson providing teachers with a brief overview of AUV technology and the Fetch AUV

It was late June. The temperature was 95 degrees with 110% humidity. The monkey was definitely on our backs, as my boss would say. My co-workers and I stood there on the dilapidated VIMS pier with 12 high school science teachers, VIMS scientist Mark Patterson, VIMS technician Todd Nelson, and the Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) Fetch. We were all decked out with our life jackets, as if we weren’t hot enough. We had no clue what the day was about to bring.

Mark delivered a brief talk about Fetch and how he uses the robot for his coral reef research. We stood there simmering in our own juices. After the lecture, several teachers helped assemble the floating cradle used to launch Fetch. Those with tools diligently put the cradle together, while others photographed the scenery, took in the view, and continued to sweat profusely. Once assembled, we moved the AUV in its cradle over to the dock’s crane, maneuvered it over the water and slowly lowered it to the water’s surface.

With an eager crowd of teachers watching over his shoulder, Mark took the controls and began maneuvering Fetch away from the dock as the teachers “oohed” and “ahhed.” Mark soon relinquished control of the robot to the group. As the teachers looked on and took turns steering, one noticed that the AUV was no longer acting normally. No matter which direction she steered it, Fetch seemed to be under some other control. Nervous that she had broken the $250,000 piece of equipment, she quickly gave the reins back to Mark.

Dr. Mark Patterson providing oversight as teachers take turns surface driving the AUV

Dr. Mark Patterson providing oversight as teachers take turns surface driving the AUV

Mark was desperately trying to figure out the problem, when another teacher spotted a fisherman on the public pier a few hundred feet up-river vigorously reeling a completely bent fishing rod. The teacher yelled, “That guy caught Fetch!” Mark’s temper flared, my stomach churned. Mark shouted to me, “Chris, you have to run over there and tell him to cut his line!”

“Are you #$%ing kidding me!?,” I thought to myself as I sprinted up the 300 foot dock toward shore. As I was running to meet my fate, thoughts were whizzing through my head, “What the hell am I going to say to this guy? Is he going to take a swing at me? Am I going to have to swing at him? Why did we propose this project?!”

I ran out to the end of the public fishing pier clearly out of place in my white collared golf shirt and khaki shorts. “Here we go!” I thought to myself. I finally reached the end of the pier and confronted my new nemesis who was now surrounded by a crowd of onlookers. “Cut the line,” I told him. “You don’t know what you’re dealing with…that’s a quarter of a million dollar piece of equipment you caught.”

The Fetch AUV and its floating cradle

The Fetch AUV and its floating cradle

“I’m not cutting my line. I caught this thing, I’m landing it. It’s MINE now!” he explained.

I built up the gumption, “Cut the line now, or I’m going to do it for you.” By then I realized that this guy caught the AUV on purpose.

He continued to refuse to cut the line, so I made my move towards a bait knife I spotted sticking out of the pier railing. The fisherman was shouting, “Look what I caught! Best catch of the day!” I grabbed the knife and without hesitation, cut the line.

Just then I spotted my VIMS comrade, Todd, running down the dock with a giant boat hook ready to catch the now-adrift AUV. After the intense tug-of-war between the fisherman and Mark, Fetch’s battery was just about shot. The AUV was now in “survival” mode, using its remaining juice to maintain one-way contact with the computer.

Fetch was now at the mercy of the rising tide. Fortunately, just as Fetch began to clear the fishing pier, Todd snagged it with the boat hook, complete with fishing rig and 6 feet of the Bass Master’s fishing line. Todd gingerly escorted the robot towards the beach while the fisherman continued to hoot and holler, claiming he was “the best fisherman ever.”

Todd managed to get the AUV into ankle-deep water and run the 250 pound AUV aground. Unbeknownst to all us during the debacle, we had neglected to remove Fetch’s cradle from the pier crane and with the rising tide, it had come loose and was also now adrift. In an act of desperation, Mark’s summer intern, Michael, a student from the local high school, jumped in the water and swam out to the cradle. He grabbed it, and headed to shore to meet us. As Michael brought us the cradle, out of breath, the fisherman asked for me to take a picture of him with the robot. As an offer to the karma gods who kept this guy from knocking me out, and to keep the fisherman civil, I obliged.

Finally realizing that he may have behaved poorly, the fisherman offered to help us get Fetch into the cradle. Mark politely declined his offer. Todd removed the fisherman’s rig from the AUV and gave it back to the fisherman, who walked away with the queen mother of all fishing stories.

We wrangled Fetch into the cradle, up onto the beach, and into Mark’s minivan. I repeatedly thanked Mark for the opportunity he provided the teachers and offered my help in fixing any damage to Fetch, convinced that he would never work with us educators again!

That next week I was out of town, but came to find out that the fisherman had shown up at VIMS requesting the photo I took of him. There was no way that picture was ever going to be made public! And yes, Mark has worked with us again chalking the events of that day up to “just one of those days.”

Real-time Data (RTD) in K-12 Classrooms: A report

December 4, 2008 in Resource Guides

RTD Report Cover
This document reports on a front-end evaluation designed to investigate the ways by which kindergarten through 12th-grade (K-12) teachers and students can and do use real-time data (RTD) to understand and appreciate the role that the ocean environment plays in their lives.

We conducted this needs assessment of K-12 educators for NOAA’s National Estuarine Research Reserve System (and thank them for their support). The goals of this evaluation were to:

  • identify the gap between SWMP/IOOS scientific data (current and projected) and the needs/capabilities of K-12 teachers and students to use those data, and
  • to determine and recommend ways to bridge that gap via data visualization/ presentation and educational products/services.

Download RTD in Classrooms: Executive Summary (pdf)
or
Download RTD in Classrooms: Full Report (pdf)

COSEE MA Teacher PD 2003-2007 Evaluation Report

December 4, 2008 in Resource Guides

Each summer from 2003 through 2007 COSEE Mid-Atlantic (now known as COSEE NOW and COSEE Coastal Trends) conducted teacher professional development (PD) workshops designed to train educators in the use of real data, mostly from coastal and ocean observing systems, in their teaching. We designed our PD format after a review of the research literature, then modified it based on teacher feedback.

This report documents our teacher professional development activities from 2003 to 2007, the model format we used and teachers’ reactions and responses (a few of which are below).

I really think that allowing the teachers to break into smaller groups at the end of each day to discuss what they’ve learned is something that I really think you should have in next year’s workshop. It was great today for us to be able to sit together in smaller groups and really talk about what we would use or what we would change. This workshop has been phenomenal!!
COSEE MA 2005 Teacher

Out of all of the workshops I have attended this was the only one that included a follow-up workshop. This is extremely helpful, especially in the beginning of the [school] year. It is so busy that we forget some of the things that we’ve done and it’s nice to be reminded in an informal, no-pressure atmosphere. It was also great to see everyone again.
COSEE MA 2006 Teacher

Meeting again has given us support to make sure that we start implementing RTD [real-time-data]—despite obstacles that we invariably encounter. Making a start is often the hardest part.
COSEE MA 2004 Teacher

Click to download COSEE MA Teacher PD Evaluation Report (pdf)